How to do satellite jamming

Satellite jamming is a kind of censorship, whereby the government, hackers or criminals prohibit access to satellites and prevent the free flow of information. It is also referred \as intentional technical interference. Satellite jamming is a breach of the law of Article 15 of Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunications Union as explained by ethical hacking course expert of the International Institute of Cyber Security, Mike Stevens.

If a government like China, where the right of free speech is not allowed and where the government wants to control the media,  if communication is done over other channels like satellites, then governments can seek the option of satellite jamming. This can help a government or an organization to get a tight grip over the media and all channels of communication and control satellite television broadcasts from outside the country. Satellite jamming incidents have occurred in various countries like Russia, Cuba, Iran, China and even in the US, according to information security training expert, James Taylor. International Satellites transponder receives information from uplink stations, which might be television stations or companies and then the satellites broadcast the signal across various downlink stations on the ground. Orbital jamming involves the criminal or hacker sending contradictory signals directly towards a satellite through his own or hacked uplink station. When these jamming signals are sent, frequencies mix with each other and the original feed is disrupted and nobody can hear the original signal/channel. As satellite systems work in groups of channels, when one channel is jammed, all the other channels  in the group are also disrupted. Orbital jamming done by some governments  causes censorship not only in their country but for other countries and continents too. For example, if Democracy oriented radio suffers an orbital jamming attack in China, all Indian viewers tuned into the same frequency from the same satellite will not be able to access that radio channel. As per ethical hacking course expert, neighboring channels can also be affected by jamming. Terrestrial jamming occurs in a specific location and involves equipment. Rather than targeting the satellite itself, as is the case in orbital jamming, terrestrial jamming involves sending contradictory signals directly towards the local consumer-level satellite dish. The contradictory frequencies are area-specific, interfering only with the signals of the satellite in a specific location. Small, portable terrestrial jammers have a range of 5 kilometers in urban areas. Big terrestrial jammers have a range of up to 50 kilometers. Terrestrial jammers also interfere with radio frequencies, thus affecting radio communications between the police, hospitals etc. Consumers will not find out whether they are experiencing terrestrial or orbital jamming. Information security training experts explained that the technology required for satellite jamming is fairly standard, easy to purchase, use and conceal. Its cost is around 4000 to 30000 USD.